Metadata Explore

Why this page exists

This page is a standalone metadata guide for cellNexus and documents the key fields used in downstream analysis.

library(cellNexus)
metadata <- get_metadata(cloud_metadata = SAMPLE_DATABASE_URL)
metadata
#> # Source:   SQL [?? x 29]
#> # Database: DuckDB 1.4.3 [unknown@Linux 5.14.0-570.123.1.el9_6.x86_64:R 4.5.3/:memory:]
#>    cell_id dataset_id    sample_id age_days tissue_groups nFeature_expressed_i…¹ nCount_RNA empty_droplet cell_type_unified_en…²
#>      <dbl> <chr>         <chr>        <int> <chr>                          <int>      <dbl> <lgl>         <chr>                 
#>  1      18 842c6f5d-4a9… 1119f482…    14600 breast                          1894      10.3  FALSE         cd14 mono             
#>  2      19 842c6f5d-4a9… 1119f482…    14600 breast                          1876       9.15 FALSE         cd16 mono             
#>  3      20 842c6f5d-4a9… 1119f482…    14600 breast                          1441      10.3  FALSE         cd14 mono             
#>  4      14 842c6f5d-4a9… 1119f482…    14600 breast                          1547      10.5  FALSE         cd16 mono             
#>  5      15 842c6f5d-4a9… 1119f482…    14600 breast                          1701       8.99 FALSE         cd14 mono             
#>  6      16 842c6f5d-4a9… 1119f482…    14600 breast                          2438       9.80 FALSE         cd16 mono             
#>  7      17 842c6f5d-4a9… 1119f482…    14600 breast                          2122       9.46 FALSE         cd14 mono             
#>  8       2 842c6f5d-4a9… 1f755b9b…    14600 breast                          1342       9.40 FALSE         cd16 mono             
#>  9       5 842c6f5d-4a9… 1f755b9b…    14600 breast                          1820       9.25 FALSE         cd14 mono             
#> 10       4 842c6f5d-4a9… 1f755b9b…    14600 breast                          1514       9.30 FALSE         cd14 mono             
#> # ℹ more rows
#> # ℹ abbreviated names: ¹​nFeature_expressed_in_sample, ²​cell_type_unified_ensemble
#> # ℹ 20 more variables: is_immune <lgl>, subsets_Mito_percent <int>, subsets_Ribo_percent <int>, high_mitochondrion <lgl>,
#> #   high_ribosome <lgl>, alive <lgl>, scDblFinder.class <chr>, file_id_cellNexus_single_cell <chr>,
#> #   file_id_cellNexus_pseudobulk <chr>, count_upper_bound <dbl>, nfeature_expressed_thresh <dbl>, inverse_transform <chr>,
#> #   cell_annotation_blueprint_singler <chr>, cell_annotation_monaco_singler <chr>, cell_annotation_azimuth_l2 <chr>,
#> #   ethnicity_flagging_score <dbl>, low_confidence_ethnicity <chr>, .aggregated_cells <int>, imputed_ethnicity <chr>, …

Data-processing context

cellNexus metadata are harmonised to support cross-dataset analysis:

  • Common ontology-backed labels are retained where possible.
  • Additional curated columns support quality control and robust grouping.
  • Expression retrieval APIs use metadata filters to provide analysis-ready objects.

Metadata dictionary

Column Description
cell_id Cell identifier.
observation_joinid Cell ID join key linking metadata.
dataset_id Primary dataset identifier in the atlas.
sample_id Harmonised sample identifier.
donor_id Donor identifier.
age_days Donor age in days.
tissue_groups Coarse tissue grouping for analysis.
nFeature_expressed_in_sample Number of expressed features per cell.
nCount_RNA Total RNA counts per cell (sample-aware).
empty_droplet Quality-control flag for empty droplets.
cell_type_unified_ensemble Consensus immune identity from Azimuth and SingleR (Blueprint, Monaco).
is_immune Curated flag for immune-cell context.
subsets_Mito_percent Percent of each cell’s total counts coming from mitochondrial genes in a sample.
subsets_Ribo_percent Percent of each cell’s total counts coming from ribosomal genes in a sample.
high_mitochondrion TRUE if the cell’s mitochondrial percent exceeds the QC cutoff.
high_ribosome TRUE if the cell’s ribosomal percent exceeds the QC cutoff.
scDblFinder.class Quality-control flag for doublet classification from scDblFinder.
file_id_cellNexus_single_cell Internal file id for single-cell layers.
file_id_cellNexus_pseudobulk Internal file id for pseudobulk layers.
count_upper_bound Count capping threshold used in transformation.
nfeature_expressed_thresh Threshold of the number of expressed features per cell.
inverse_transform Transformation method used in pre-processing pipeline.
alive Quality-control flag for viable cells (e.g. mitochondrial signal).
cell_annotation_blueprint_singler SingleR annotation (Blueprint).
cell_annotation_monaco_singler SingleR annotation (Monaco).
cell_annotation_azimuth_l2 Azimuth cell annotation.
ethnicity_flagging_score Supporting score for ethnicity imputation.
low_confidence_ethnicity Supporting flag for low-confidence ethnicity calls.
.aggregated_cells Post-QC cells combined into each pseudobulk sample.
imputed_ethnicity Imputed ethnicity label.
atlas_id cellNexus atlas release identifier (internal use).

Practical exploration

# Which columns are available?
colnames(metadata)
#>  [1] "cell_id"                           "dataset_id"                        "sample_id"                        
#>  [4] "age_days"                          "tissue_groups"                     "nFeature_expressed_in_sample"     
#>  [7] "nCount_RNA"                        "empty_droplet"                     "cell_type_unified_ensemble"       
#> [10] "is_immune"                         "subsets_Mito_percent"              "subsets_Ribo_percent"             
#> [13] "high_mitochondrion"                "high_ribosome"                     "alive"                            
#> [16] "scDblFinder.class"                 "file_id_cellNexus_single_cell"     "file_id_cellNexus_pseudobulk"     
#> [19] "count_upper_bound"                 "nfeature_expressed_thresh"         "inverse_transform"                
#> [22] "cell_annotation_blueprint_singler" "cell_annotation_monaco_singler"    "cell_annotation_azimuth_l2"       
#> [25] "ethnicity_flagging_score"          "low_confidence_ethnicity"          ".aggregated_cells"                
#> [28] "imputed_ethnicity"                 "atlas_id"

# How many datasets per tissue group?
metadata |>
  dplyr::distinct(dataset_id, tissue_groups) |>
  dplyr::count(tissue_groups, sort = TRUE)
#> # Source:     SQL [?? x 2]
#> # Database:   DuckDB 1.4.3 [unknown@Linux 5.14.0-570.123.1.el9_6.x86_64:R 4.5.3/:memory:]
#> # Ordered by: desc(n)
#>    tissue_groups                           n
#>    <chr>                               <dbl>
#>  1 blood                                  10
#>  2 respiratory system                      7
#>  3 bone marrow                             6
#>  4 renal system                            4
#>  5 breast                                  3
#>  6 thymus                                  3
#>  7 cerebral lobes and cortical areas       2
#>  8 spleen                                  2
#>  9 female reproductive system              2
#> 10 nasal, oral, and pharyngeal regions     2
#> 11 sensory-related structures              1
#> 12 brainstem and cerebellar structures     1
#> 13 oesophagus                              1
#> 14 lymphatic system                        1
#> 15 epithelium and mucosal tissues          1
#> 16 stomach                                 1
#> 17 vasculature                             1
#> 18 small intestine                         1
#> 19 endocrine system                        1

# Typical quality-control filtering
metadata_qc <- metadata |>
  dplyr::filter(
    empty_droplet == FALSE,
    alive == TRUE,
    scDblFinder.class != "doublet"
  )
sessionInfo()
#> R version 4.5.3 (2026-03-11)
#> Platform: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
#> Running under: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.6 (Plow)
#> 
#> Matrix products: default
#> BLAS:   /stornext/System/data/software/rhel/9/base/tools/R/4.5.3/lib64/R/lib/libRblas.so 
#> LAPACK: /stornext/System/data/software/rhel/9/base/tools/R/4.5.3/lib64/R/lib/libRlapack.so;  LAPACK version 3.12.1
#> 
#> locale:
#>  [1] LC_CTYPE=en_US.UTF-8       LC_NUMERIC=C               LC_TIME=en_US.UTF-8        LC_COLLATE=en_US.UTF-8    
#>  [5] LC_MONETARY=en_US.UTF-8    LC_MESSAGES=en_US.UTF-8    LC_PAPER=en_US.UTF-8       LC_NAME=C                 
#>  [9] LC_ADDRESS=C               LC_TELEPHONE=C             LC_MEASUREMENT=en_US.UTF-8 LC_IDENTIFICATION=C       
#> 
#> time zone: Australia/Melbourne
#> tzcode source: system (glibc)
#> 
#> attached base packages:
#> [1] stats4    stats     graphics  grDevices utils     datasets  methods   base     
#> 
#> other attached packages:
#>  [1] RcppSpdlog_0.0.28               cellNexus_0.99.30               purrr_1.2.2                    
#>  [4] HPCell_0.6.0                    ggplot2_4.0.2                   tidyr_1.3.2                    
#>  [7] tidySingleCellExperiment_1.20.1 ttservice_0.5.3                 SingleCellExperiment_1.32.0    
#> [10] anndataR_1.3.1                  arrow_23.0.1.2                  SummarizedExperiment_1.40.0    
#> [13] Biobase_2.70.0                  GenomicRanges_1.62.1            Seqinfo_1.0.0                  
#> [16] IRanges_2.44.0                  S4Vectors_0.49.1-1              BiocGenerics_0.56.0            
#> [19] generics_0.1.4                  MatrixGenerics_1.22.0           matrixStats_1.5.0              
#> [22] dplyr_1.2.1                    
#> 
#> loaded via a namespace (and not attached):
#>   [1] igraph_2.2.3                    ica_1.0-3                       plotly_4.12.0                  
#>   [4] SingleR_2.12.0                  scater_1.38.1                   devtools_2.5.0                 
#>   [7] tidyselect_1.2.1                bit_4.6.0                       lattice_0.22-9                 
#>  [10] rjson_0.2.21                    blob_1.3.0                      stringr_1.6.0                  
#>  [13] S4Arrays_1.10.1                 rclipboard_0.2.1                parallel_4.5.3                 
#>  [16] png_0.1-9                       cli_3.6.6                       ProtGenerics_1.42.0            
#>  [19] askpass_1.2.1                   openssl_2.4.2                   goftest_1.2-3                  
#>  [22] BiocIO_1.20.0                   bluster_1.20.0                  BiocNeighbors_2.4.0            
#>  [25] tarchetypes_0.14.1              uwot_0.2.4                      curl_7.0.0                     
#>  [28] mime_0.13                       evaluate_1.0.5                  stringi_1.8.7                  
#>  [31] ids_1.0.1                       backports_1.5.1                 desc_1.4.3                     
#>  [34] XML_3.99-0.23                   httpuv_1.6.17                   AnnotationDbi_1.72.0           
#>  [37] magrittr_2.0.5                  rappdirs_0.3.4                  splines_4.5.3                  
#>  [40] nanonext_1.8.2                  aws.signature_0.6.0             DT_0.34.0                      
#>  [43] sctransform_0.4.3               ggbeeswarm_0.7.3                sessioninfo_1.2.3              
#>  [46] DBI_1.3.0                       HDF5Array_1.38.0                jquerylib_0.1.4                
#>  [49] withr_3.0.2                     reformulas_0.4.4                rprojroot_2.1.1                
#>  [52] xgboost_3.2.1.1                 tidySummarizedExperiment_1.20.1 lmtest_0.9-40                  
#>  [55] brio_1.1.5                      BiocManager_1.30.27             rtracklayer_1.70.1             
#>  [58] duckdb_1.4.3                    htmlwidgets_1.6.4               fs_2.0.1                       
#>  [61] biomaRt_2.66.2                  ggrepel_0.9.8                   SparseArray_1.10.10            
#>  [64] tidyseurat_0.8.10               h5mread_1.2.1                   reticulate_1.46.0              
#>  [67] zoo_1.8-15                      tiledbsoma_2.1.2                XVector_0.50.0                 
#>  [70] knitr_1.51                      RcppCCTZ_0.2.14                 UCSC.utils_1.6.1               
#>  [73] secretbase_1.2.1                fansi_1.0.7                     patchwork_1.3.2                
#>  [76] pak_0.11.1                      grid_4.5.3                      data.table_1.18.2.1            
#>  [79] rhdf5_2.54.1                    R.oo_1.27.1                     RSpectra_0.16-2                
#>  [82] irlba_2.3.7                     tiledb_0.33.1                   commonmark_2.0.0               
#>  [85] fastDummies_1.7.5               ellipsis_0.3.3                  base64url_1.4                  
#>  [88] lazyeval_0.2.3                  yaml_2.3.12                     conflicted_1.2.0               
#>  [91] survival_3.8-6                  scattermore_1.2                 crayon_1.5.3                   
#>  [94] mirai_2.6.1                     RcppAnnoy_0.0.23                RColorBrewer_1.1-3             
#>  [97] progressr_0.19.0                later_1.4.8                     ggridges_0.5.7                 
#> [100] codetools_0.2-20                base64enc_0.1-6                 tidybulk_2.1.0                 
#> [103] Seurat_5.5.0.9002               KEGGREST_1.50.0                 Rtsne_0.17                     
#> [106] limma_3.66.0                    Rsamtools_2.26.0                filelock_1.0.3                 
#> [109] pkgconfig_2.0.3                 xml2_1.5.2                      spatstat.univar_3.1-7          
#> [112] GenomicAlignments_1.46.0        spatstat.sparse_3.1-0           viridisLite_0.4.3              
#> [115] xtable_1.8-8                    plyr_1.8.9                      httr_1.4.8                     
#> [118] rbibutils_2.4.1                 tools_4.5.3                     globals_0.19.1                 
#> [121] SeuratObject_5.4.0              pkgbuild_1.4.8                  beeswarm_0.4.0                 
#> [124] checkmate_2.3.4                 nlme_3.1-168                    dbplyr_2.5.2                   
#> [127] assertthat_0.2.1                lme4_2.0-1                      digest_0.6.39                  
#> [130] Matrix_1.7-4                    dir.expiry_1.18.0               farver_2.1.2                   
#> [133] tzdb_0.5.0                      AnnotationFilter_1.34.0         reshape2_1.4.5                 
#> [136] viridis_0.6.5                   glue_1.8.0                      cachem_1.1.0                   
#> [139] BiocFileCache_3.0.0             polyclip_1.10-7                 rjsoncons_1.3.2                
#> [142] Biostrings_2.78.0               parallelly_1.46.1               aws.s3_0.3.22                  
#> [145] pkgload_1.5.1                   statmod_1.5.1                   here_1.0.2                     
#> [148] RcppHNSW_0.6.0                  ScaledMatrix_1.18.0             minqa_1.2.8                    
#> [151] pbapply_1.7-4                   httr2_1.2.2                     job_0.3.1                      
#> [154] spam_2.11-3                     dqrng_0.4.1                     utf8_1.2.6                     
#> [157] scDblFinder_1.24.10             basilisk_1.22.0                 crew_1.3.0                     
#> [160] gridExtra_2.3                   shiny_1.13.0                    R.utils_2.13.0                 
#> [163] rhdf5filters_1.22.0             RCurl_1.98-1.18                 memoise_2.0.1                  
#> [166] rmarkdown_2.31                  nanoarrow_0.8.0                 scales_1.4.0                   
#> [169] R.methodsS3_1.8.2               future_1.70.0                   RANN_2.6.2                     
#> [172] renv_1.2.1                      spatstat.data_3.1-9             rstudioapi_0.18.0              
#> [175] cluster_2.1.8.2                 zellkonverter_1.20.1            spatstat.utils_3.2-2           
#> [178] hms_1.1.4                       fitdistrplus_1.2-6              cowplot_1.2.0                  
#> [181] rlang_1.2.0                     GenomeInfoDb_1.46.2             crew.cluster_0.4.0             
#> [184] DelayedMatrixStats_1.32.0       sparseMatrixStats_1.22.0        shinyWidgets_0.9.1             
#> [187] dotCall64_1.2                   scuttle_1.20.0                  xfun_0.57                      
#> [190] abind_1.4-8                     spdl_0.0.5                      tibble_3.3.1                   
#> [193] EnsDb.Hsapiens.v86_2.99.0       Rhdf5lib_1.32.0                 readr_2.2.0                    
#> [196] bitops_1.0-9                    Rdpack_2.6.6                    ps_1.9.2                       
#> [199] promises_1.5.0                  RSQLite_2.4.6                   cellxgenedp_1.14.0             
#> [202] DelayedArray_0.36.1             proxy_0.4-29                    compiler_4.5.3                 
#> [205] prettyunits_1.2.0               boot_1.3-32                     beachmat_2.26.0                
#> [208] listenv_0.10.1                  Rcpp_1.1.1-1                    edgeR_4.8.2                    
#> [211] roxygen2_7.3.3                  BiocSingular_1.26.1             tensor_1.5.1                   
#> [214] usethis_3.2.1                   MASS_7.3-65                     progress_1.2.3                 
#> [217] uuid_1.2-2                      BiocParallel_1.44.0             ggupset_0.4.1                  
#> [220] nanotime_0.3.13                 spatstat.random_3.4-5           R6_2.6.1                       
#> [223] fastmap_1.2.0                   vipor_0.4.7                     ensembldb_2.34.0               
#> [226] ROCR_1.0-12                     targets_1.12.0                  rsvd_1.0.5                     
#> [229] gtable_0.3.6                    KernSmooth_2.23-26              miniUI_0.1.2                   
#> [232] deldir_2.0-4                    htmltools_0.5.9                 bit64_4.6.0-1                  
#> [235] spatstat.explore_3.8-0          lifecycle_1.0.5                 S7_0.2.1-1                     
#> [238] processx_3.8.7                  nloptr_2.2.1                    callr_3.7.6                    
#> [241] restfulr_0.0.16                 sass_0.4.10                     vctrs_0.7.3                    
#> [244] testthat_3.3.2                  rsconnect_1.10.1                spatstat.geom_3.7-3            
#> [247] scran_1.38.1                    sp_2.2-1                        future.apply_1.20.2            
#> [250] bslib_0.10.0                    pillar_1.11.1                   GenomicFeatures_1.62.0         
#> [253] DropletUtils_1.30.0             cellxgene.census_1.16.1         collections_0.3.12             
#> [256] metapod_1.18.0                  locfit_1.5-9.12                 otel_0.2.0                     
#> [259] BiocStyle_2.38.0                jsonlite_2.0.0                  cigarillo_1.0.0