
R : Copyright 2005, The R Foundation for Statistical Computing
Version 2.1.1  (2005-06-20), ISBN 3-900051-07-0

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> ### * <HEADER>
> ###
> attach(NULL, name = "CheckExEnv")
> assign(".CheckExEnv", as.environment(2), pos = length(search())) # base
> ## add some hooks to label plot pages for base and grid graphics
> setHook("plot.new", ".newplot.hook")
> setHook("persp", ".newplot.hook")
> setHook("grid.newpage", ".gridplot.hook")
> 
> assign("cleanEx",
+        function(env = .GlobalEnv) {
+ 	   rm(list = ls(envir = env, all.names = TRUE), envir = env)
+            RNGkind("default", "default")
+ 	   set.seed(1)
+    	   options(warn = 1)
+ 	   delayedAssign("T", stop("T used instead of TRUE"),
+ 		  assign.env = .CheckExEnv)
+ 	   delayedAssign("F", stop("F used instead of FALSE"),
+ 		  assign.env = .CheckExEnv)
+ 	   sch <- search()
+ 	   newitems <- sch[! sch %in% .oldSearch]
+ 	   for(item in rev(newitems))
+                eval(substitute(detach(item), list(item=item)))
+ 	   missitems <- .oldSearch[! .oldSearch %in% sch]
+ 	   if(length(missitems))
+ 	       warning("items ", paste(missitems, collapse=", "),
+ 		       " have been removed from the search path")
+        },
+        env = .CheckExEnv)
> assign("..nameEx", "__{must remake R-ex/*.R}__", env = .CheckExEnv) # for now
> assign("ptime", proc.time(), env = .CheckExEnv)
> grDevices::postscript("mda-Examples.ps")
> assign("par.postscript", graphics::par(no.readonly = TRUE), env = .CheckExEnv)
> options(contrasts = c(unordered = "contr.treatment", ordered = "contr.poly"))
> options(warn = 1)    
> library('mda')
Loading required package: class
> 
> assign(".oldSearch", search(), env = .CheckExEnv)
> assign(".oldNS", loadedNamespaces(), env = .CheckExEnv)
> cleanEx(); ..nameEx <- "bruto"
> 
> ### * bruto
> 
> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())
> 
> ### Name: bruto
> ### Title: Fit an Additive Spline Model by Adaptive Backfitting
> ### Aliases: bruto
> ### Keywords: smooth
> 
> ### ** Examples
> 
> data(trees)
> fit1 <- bruto(trees[,-3], trees[3])
> fit1$type
[1] smooth linear
Levels: excluded linear smooth
> fit1$df
   Girth   Height 
2.371150 1.000000 
> ## examine the fitted functions
> par(mfrow=c(1,2), pty="s")
> Xp <- matrix(sapply(trees[1:2], mean), nrow(trees), 2, byrow=TRUE)
> for(i in 1:2) {
+   xr <- sapply(trees, range)
+   Xp1 <- Xp; Xp1[,i] <- seq(xr[1,i], xr[2,i], len=nrow(trees))
+   Xf <- predict(fit1, Xp1)
+   plot(Xp1[ ,i], Xf, xlab=names(trees)[i], ylab="", type="l")
+ }
> 
> 
> 
> graphics::par(get("par.postscript", env = .CheckExEnv))
> cleanEx(); ..nameEx <- "confusion"
> 
> ### * confusion
> 
> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())
> 
> ### Name: confusion
> ### Title: Confusion Matrices
> ### Aliases: confusion confusion.default confusion.list confusion.fda
> ### Keywords: category
> 
> ### ** Examples
> 
> data(iris)
> irisfit <- fda(Species ~ ., data = iris)
> confusion(predict(irisfit, iris), iris$Species)
            true
object       setosa versicolor virginica
  setosa         50          0         0
  versicolor      0         48         1
  virginica       0          2        49
attr(,"error")
[1] 0.02
> ##            Setosa Versicolor Virginica 
> ##     Setosa     50          0         0
> ## Versicolor      0         48         1
> ##  Virginica      0          2        49
> ## attr(, "error"):
> ## [1] 0.02
> 
> 
> 
> cleanEx(); ..nameEx <- "fda"
> 
> ### * fda
> 
> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())
> 
> ### Name: fda
> ### Title: Flexible Discriminant Analysis
> ### Aliases: fda coef.fda plot.fda print.fda
> ### Keywords: classif
> 
> ### ** Examples
> 
> data(iris)
> irisfit <- fda(Species ~ ., data = iris)
> irisfit
Call:
fda(formula = Species ~ ., data = iris)

Dimension: 2 

Percent Between-Group Variance Explained:
    v1     v2 
 99.12 100.00 

Degrees of Freedom (per dimension): 5 

Training Misclassification Error: 0.02 ( N = 150 )
> ## fda(formula = Species ~ ., data = iris)
> ##
> ## Dimension: 2 
> ##
> ## Percent Between-Group Variance Explained:
> ##     v1     v2 
> ##  99.12 100.00 
> ##
> ## Degrees of Freedom (per dimension): 5 
> ##
> ## Training Misclassification Error: 0.02 ( N = 150 )
> 
> confusion(irisfit, iris)
            true
object       setosa versicolor virginica
  setosa         50          0         0
  versicolor      0         48         1
  virginica       0          2        49
attr(,"error")
[1] 0.02
> ##            Setosa Versicolor Virginica 
> ##     Setosa     50          0         0
> ## Versicolor      0         48         1
> ##  Virginica      0          2        49
> ## attr(, "error"):
> ## [1] 0.02
> 
> plot(irisfit)
> 
> coef(irisfit)
                  [,1]        [,2]
Intercept    -2.126479 -6.72910343
Sepal.Length -0.837798  0.02434685
Sepal.Width  -1.550052  2.18649663
Petal.Length  2.223560 -0.94138258
Petal.Width   2.838994  2.86801283
attr(,"scaled:scale")
       v1        v2 
0.1709389 0.4156090 
> ##           [,1]        [,2]
> ## [1,] -2.126479 -6.72910343
> ## [2,] -0.837798  0.02434685
> ## [3,] -1.550052  2.18649663
> ## [4,]  2.223560 -0.94138258
> ## [5,]  2.838994  2.86801283
> 
> marsfit <- fda(Species ~ ., data = iris, method = mars)
> marsfit2 <- update(marsfit, degree = 2)
> marsfit3 <- update(marsfit, theta = marsfit$means[, 1:2]) 
> ## this refits the model, using the fitted means (scaled theta's)
> ## from marsfit to start the iterations
> 
> 
> 
> cleanEx(); ..nameEx <- "mars"
> 
> ### * mars
> 
> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())
> 
> ### Name: mars
> ### Title: Multivariate Additive Regression Splines
> ### Aliases: mars
> ### Keywords: smooth
> 
> ### ** Examples
> 
> data(trees)
> fit1 <- mars(trees[,-3], trees[3])
> showcuts <- function(obj)
+ {
+   tmp <- obj$cuts[obj$sel, ]
+   dimnames(tmp) <- list(NULL, names(trees)[-3])
+   tmp
+ }
> showcuts(fit1)
     Girth Height
[1,]     0      0
[2,]    12      0
[3,]    12      0
[4,]     0     76
> 
> ## examine the fitted functions
> par(mfrow=c(1,2), pty="s")
> Xp <- matrix(sapply(trees[1:2], mean), nrow(trees), 2, byrow=TRUE)
> for(i in 1:2) {
+   xr <- sapply(trees, range)
+   Xp1 <- Xp; Xp1[,i] <- seq(xr[1,i], xr[2,i], len=nrow(trees))
+   Xf <- predict(fit1, Xp1)
+   plot(Xp1[ ,i], Xf, xlab=names(trees)[i], ylab="", type="l")
+ }
> 
> 
> 
> graphics::par(get("par.postscript", env = .CheckExEnv))
> cleanEx(); ..nameEx <- "mda"
> 
> ### * mda
> 
> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())
> 
> ### Name: mda
> ### Title: Mixture Discriminant Analysis
> ### Aliases: mda print.mda
> ### Keywords: classif
> 
> ### ** Examples
> 
> data(iris)
> irisfit <- mda(Species ~ ., data = iris)
> irisfit
Call:
mda(formula = Species ~ ., data = iris)

Dimension: 4 

Percent Between-Group Variance Explained:
    v1     v2     v3     v4 
 96.02  98.55  99.90 100.00 

Degrees of Freedom (per dimension): 5 

Training Misclassification Error: 0.02 ( N = 150 )

Deviance: 15.102 
> ## Call:
> ## mda(formula = Species ~ ., data = iris)
> ##
> ## Dimension: 4
> ##
> ## Percent Between-Group Variance Explained:
> ##     v1     v2     v3     v4
> ##  96.02  98.55  99.90 100.00
> ##
> ## Degrees of Freedom (per dimension): 5
> ##
> ## Training Misclassification Error: 0.02 ( N = 150 )
> ##
> ## Deviance: 15.102
> 
> data(glass)
> # random sample of size 100
> samp <- c(1, 3, 4, 11, 12, 13, 14, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 27, 28, 31,
+           38, 42, 46, 47, 48, 49, 52, 53, 54, 55, 57, 62, 63, 64, 65,
+           67, 68, 69, 70, 72, 73, 78, 79, 83, 84, 85, 87, 91, 92, 94,
+           99, 100, 106, 107, 108, 111, 112, 113, 115, 118, 121, 123,
+           124, 125, 126, 129, 131, 133, 136, 139, 142, 143, 145, 147,
+           152, 153, 156, 159, 160, 161, 164, 165, 166, 168, 169, 171,
+           172, 173, 174, 175, 177, 178, 181, 182, 185, 188, 189, 192,
+           195, 197, 203, 205, 211, 212, 214) 
> glass.train <- glass[samp,]
> glass.test <- glass[-samp,]
> glass.mda <- mda(Type ~ ., data = glass.train)
> predict(glass.mda, glass.test, type="post") # abbreviations are allowed
                  1            2            3            5            6
  [1,] 1.264350e-01 8.272228e-01 4.634191e-02 2.106560e-30 1.066730e-13
  [2,] 2.926294e-01 6.899555e-01 1.741505e-02 1.317702e-27 4.219347e-15
  [3,] 4.618357e-01 5.372106e-01 9.536696e-04 1.210610e-19 7.922295e-15
  [4,] 3.658653e-01 4.992758e-01 1.348589e-01 3.311979e-29 4.560209e-15
  [5,] 4.391207e-01 4.143377e-01 1.465416e-01 1.057735e-28 2.207756e-15
  [6,] 4.875401e-01 4.348184e-01 7.755131e-02 8.191245e-30 6.119974e-13
  [7,] 6.964351e-01 2.909869e-01 1.257800e-02 5.845053e-24 1.622033e-13
  [8,] 7.245356e-01 2.717643e-01 3.700084e-03 3.659156e-22 1.561232e-14
  [9,] 4.970155e-01 5.011636e-01 1.820858e-03 5.063558e-17 2.788388e-13
 [10,] 2.348862e-01 7.610086e-07 7.651130e-01 9.239189e-45 3.329524e-18
 [11,] 5.130299e-01 4.720716e-01 1.489846e-02 1.584051e-22 2.191527e-15
 [12,] 7.227943e-01 2.374829e-01 3.972281e-02 5.307566e-24 4.632529e-14
 [13,] 3.744886e-01 5.274013e-01 9.811010e-02 1.683781e-26 1.008328e-13
 [14,] 6.306488e-01 3.227627e-01 4.658853e-02 8.325527e-26 1.862535e-14
 [15,] 5.766222e-01 4.211565e-01 2.221276e-03 2.671774e-18 5.899345e-14
 [16,] 4.335481e-01 5.592639e-01 7.188071e-03 3.108822e-23 8.136691e-14
 [17,] 7.148877e-01 2.595441e-01 2.556817e-02 7.300333e-24 5.393951e-14
 [18,] 8.109298e-01 1.858191e-01 3.251041e-03 6.085739e-21 4.477569e-13
 [19,] 8.810039e-01 1.147942e-01 4.201894e-03 1.767892e-20 8.992226e-13
 [20,] 6.839273e-01 3.014682e-01 1.460453e-02 1.841971e-20 8.809230e-14
 [21,] 3.971585e-01 3.678043e-01 2.350372e-01 7.319294e-27 2.836980e-14
 [22,] 6.679130e-01 6.491209e-02 2.671682e-01 1.078587e-28 1.236649e-12
 [23,] 2.358200e-01 1.185201e-06 7.641788e-01 8.675711e-38 1.003369e-16
 [24,] 2.358200e-01 1.185201e-06 7.641788e-01 8.675711e-38 1.003369e-16
 [25,] 7.307605e-01 2.456389e-01 2.360064e-02 1.668652e-23 2.435264e-14
 [26,] 5.287568e-01 4.401187e-01 3.112431e-02 8.010518e-23 3.431084e-12
 [27,] 8.420993e-01 5.268970e-05 1.578480e-01 3.689093e-31 4.767966e-15
 [28,] 8.401899e-01 1.594042e-01 4.059077e-04 2.620124e-17 1.226008e-12
 [29,] 4.083131e-01 5.481279e-01 4.355264e-02 1.984060e-22 7.141533e-12
 [30,] 9.994256e-01 1.137526e-06 5.732621e-04 4.635155e-28 3.784859e-14
 [31,] 9.853189e-01 1.460671e-02 4.771226e-05 1.364456e-06 2.534834e-05
 [32,] 2.433814e-01 7.564429e-01 1.757358e-04 1.692504e-19 1.327515e-14
 [33,] 1.987674e-01 2.793076e-01 5.219250e-01 1.375081e-33 4.937858e-16
 [34,] 4.252551e-01 4.792146e-01 9.553035e-02 1.421260e-28 1.085911e-14
 [35,] 4.950676e-01 3.565084e-01 1.484232e-01 3.666827e-24 8.064885e-11
 [36,] 9.146338e-01 4.424536e-02 4.094099e-02 5.619646e-21 1.203003e-09
 [37,] 1.947872e-02 9.756175e-01 4.903227e-03 1.939942e-30 5.643896e-13
 [38,] 1.776724e-01 8.117240e-01 1.060361e-02 1.454597e-26 7.714059e-15
 [39,] 2.768258e-01 7.178278e-01 5.346366e-03 3.765489e-26 6.831782e-16
 [40,] 3.436413e-01 6.462438e-01 1.011491e-02 1.218735e-26 9.352642e-16
 [41,] 5.210261e-02 9.410153e-01 6.882111e-03 2.544822e-26 1.297689e-16
 [42,] 1.547395e-01 8.042466e-01 4.101388e-02 1.597566e-19 5.328005e-15
 [43,] 8.304307e-02 4.791231e-01 4.378334e-01 1.979196e-18 2.374053e-14
 [44,] 2.080330e-01 7.894548e-01 2.512157e-03 1.627394e-25 1.154497e-14
 [45,] 2.337906e-01 7.330662e-01 3.314316e-02 6.147674e-25 6.256540e-14
 [46,] 2.514905e-01 7.357778e-01 1.273168e-02 3.085622e-25 5.434705e-14
 [47,] 1.209804e-01 8.784627e-01 5.569028e-04 1.806260e-21 1.007967e-15
 [48,] 5.297049e-01 4.572846e-01 1.301052e-02 2.669743e-16 5.472400e-13
 [49,] 8.043606e-01 1.910594e-01 4.580011e-03 2.154920e-15 2.874927e-08
 [50,] 4.286010e-01 5.705967e-01 8.022447e-04 7.125753e-19 8.789412e-14
 [51,] 1.025125e-01 8.937625e-01 3.721591e-03 1.071319e-18 7.251711e-13
 [52,] 7.391035e-01 1.905031e-01 7.039345e-02 3.316874e-24 1.702470e-14
 [53,] 9.522508e-01 4.768534e-02 6.389601e-05 5.509940e-13 6.387203e-12
 [54,] 9.497571e-01 4.965639e-02 5.858738e-04 4.166731e-11 5.942445e-07
 [55,] 6.488413e-01 3.286132e-01 5.994015e-03 1.655050e-02 7.366036e-08
 [56,] 9.855822e-01 5.350676e-03 9.033156e-03 2.982695e-10 3.393063e-05
 [57,] 9.999019e-01 3.275305e-08 1.092755e-05 2.898796e-18 7.927704e-10
 [58,] 7.817661e-01 8.594596e-04 1.719645e-03 2.116588e-11 6.193363e-04
 [59,] 8.580845e-33 1.461768e-04 3.203563e-38 9.998533e-01 2.062337e-08
 [60,] 3.562839e-31 8.542917e-06 7.447997e-32 1.367886e-01 9.729905e-08
 [61,] 3.240318e-01 6.567061e-01 1.926194e-02 6.767735e-29 3.035513e-15
 [62,] 1.460335e-01 8.410164e-01 1.295004e-02 9.419299e-29 9.136456e-17
 [63,] 1.558098e-01 8.363565e-01 7.833694e-03 4.814509e-26 8.566394e-17
 [64,] 2.403044e-01 7.586631e-01 1.032506e-03 4.722299e-23 8.298721e-15
 [65,] 4.459336e-02 9.534662e-01 1.940475e-03 5.780791e-27 2.422789e-16
 [66,] 3.757580e-01 6.235172e-01 7.248536e-04 1.238881e-19 5.904859e-14
 [67,] 3.873485e-01 6.002634e-01 1.238803e-02 8.108843e-24 9.547163e-16
 [68,] 9.289114e-04 5.566026e-01 3.504414e-05 5.635836e-07 4.356787e-01
 [69,] 4.767778e-16 9.947049e-01 3.243033e-16 2.681769e-03 2.613339e-03
 [70,] 3.552321e-43 4.298159e-06 2.998833e-49 9.999957e-01 1.671703e-20
 [71,] 8.293282e-02 8.509537e-01 6.611328e-02 2.936607e-28 1.356355e-16
 [72,] 2.095439e-01 7.734920e-01 1.696406e-02 7.887885e-30 1.250520e-16
 [73,] 6.388154e-01 2.921479e-01 6.903672e-02 2.993701e-28 5.684612e-16
 [74,] 2.224580e-01 7.745791e-01 2.962830e-03 4.811776e-22 2.081472e-15
 [75,] 3.197415e-01 6.749689e-01 5.289565e-03 1.860529e-22 1.027647e-14
 [76,] 1.405097e-01 8.221425e-01 3.734763e-02 5.951547e-25 8.992455e-15
 [77,] 2.182272e-01 7.143369e-01 6.743494e-02 1.027323e-19 2.200524e-13
 [78,] 6.499581e-01 3.497421e-01 2.997644e-04 4.821819e-19 1.994593e-14
 [79,] 2.475058e-01 7.259798e-01 2.651439e-02 4.067753e-26 6.730784e-15
 [80,] 5.439183e-01 3.914413e-01 6.464037e-02 2.339284e-25 1.375348e-13
 [81,] 2.688445e-02 9.731151e-01 4.703113e-07 2.553969e-10 2.739551e-19
 [82,] 3.698430e-01 4.676054e-01 1.625513e-01 1.255625e-18 6.474997e-12
 [83,] 1.679020e-01 8.217923e-01 1.030570e-02 2.309509e-25 8.579726e-15
 [84,] 4.719533e-01 4.711331e-01 5.691362e-02 1.042019e-22 2.801612e-15
 [85,] 4.349112e-01 3.080653e-01 2.570235e-01 2.007511e-25 2.558148e-12
 [86,] 6.139503e-01 1.788184e-05 3.860319e-01 4.292499e-34 2.756483e-15
 [87,] 4.163124e-01 2.624113e-02 5.574465e-01 2.434587e-25 5.676373e-11
 [88,] 9.920381e-01 7.701168e-03 2.563451e-04 8.827113e-25 1.374612e-12
 [89,] 1.998995e-22 4.759813e-09 4.538252e-24 1.000000e+00 4.516744e-16
 [90,] 4.306650e-38 1.330091e-08 3.610567e-39 1.000000e+00 2.244105e-13
 [91,] 2.043283e-40 3.471771e-09 1.259674e-45 1.000000e+00 1.275980e-16
 [92,] 2.967493e-07 8.930271e-05 8.812923e-07 3.203283e-13 9.998978e-01
 [93,] 1.482440e-07 1.423235e-03 8.043396e-08 1.284236e-09 9.985728e-01
 [94,] 3.436445e-40 2.499863e-08 9.510182e-40 9.998758e-01 6.599228e-11
 [95,] 1.125192e-28 1.036411e-04 1.304349e-29 1.796119e-03 2.080867e-05
 [96,] 3.630682e-03 2.869572e-01 7.094121e-01 4.605047e-10 8.839679e-16
 [97,] 2.864273e-02 9.674346e-01 3.836318e-03 4.986716e-06 8.291535e-17
 [98,] 7.246874e-03 5.271197e-05 1.447567e-02 4.960977e-28 7.774652e-01
 [99,] 5.858680e-09 2.120687e-04 5.225563e-10 6.835476e-12 9.997879e-01
[100,] 1.583489e-45 1.100572e-16 1.326924e-46 1.684444e-12 8.484202e-17
[101,] 1.921032e-47 1.561104e-23 2.610742e-48 4.154037e-27 1.511832e-17
[102,] 1.865969e-42 9.946538e-16 2.469582e-43 2.767175e-12 3.706669e-15
[103,] 7.267652e-43 3.482087e-16 3.223739e-45 4.054195e-16 5.152540e-15
[104,] 4.121171e-41 1.088874e-14 1.937950e-41 8.213448e-12 5.702646e-14
[105,] 3.592200e-42 8.927155e-17 7.412356e-43 8.183017e-18 3.278831e-14
[106,] 6.609017e-42 7.542932e-19 1.814292e-44 3.387324e-22 5.654193e-11
[107,] 2.795805e-09 3.868282e-03 2.688591e-13 2.518776e-07 1.712567e-01
[108,] 2.694789e-48 4.024979e-26 1.929656e-48 7.946769e-31 1.984508e-17
[109,] 3.730241e-47 1.480240e-24 1.243496e-46 1.668580e-29 4.055783e-17
[110,] 1.717867e-44 2.174115e-22 5.479287e-44 8.401703e-27 2.319251e-15
[111,] 4.404676e-54 4.963629e-44 3.870901e-52 1.279257e-62 5.540856e-20
[112,] 4.427792e-42 1.806291e-13 3.244956e-41 4.810310e-09 2.488221e-13
[113,] 1.751116e-41 7.433836e-14 1.028284e-40 6.054631e-10 4.007127e-14
[114,] 1.523728e-47 4.517427e-25 3.734286e-48 6.771217e-28 2.349824e-17
                  7
  [1,] 2.902663e-07
  [2,] 2.169952e-09
  [3,] 9.334383e-11
  [4,] 8.351445e-10
  [5,] 1.712182e-10
  [6,] 9.021989e-05
  [7,] 5.506290e-09
  [8,] 1.054189e-09
  [9,] 7.027690e-09
 [10,] 1.289279e-14
 [11,] 6.397340e-10
 [12,] 4.455874e-09
 [13,] 1.491253e-09
 [14,] 2.105974e-09
 [15,] 6.716007e-09
 [16,] 1.798668e-08
 [17,] 2.877126e-10
 [18,] 4.000612e-10
 [19,] 2.274700e-09
 [20,] 6.957198e-09
 [21,] 2.546542e-11
 [22,] 6.785383e-06
 [23,] 1.048855e-10
 [24,] 1.048855e-10
 [25,] 7.874704e-10
 [26,] 1.352419e-07
 [27,] 2.006527e-08
 [28,] 2.053363e-10
 [29,] 6.370890e-06
 [30,] 1.058402e-09
 [31,] 7.037008e-09
 [32,] 1.398514e-08
 [33,] 1.203387e-09
 [34,] 1.629212e-09
 [35,] 8.020277e-07
 [36,] 1.798820e-04
 [37,] 6.012970e-07
 [38,] 9.016172e-09
 [39,] 4.982222e-10
 [40,] 3.079832e-10
 [41,] 4.420965e-09
 [42,] 2.170282e-08
 [43,] 4.057098e-07
 [44,] 4.215597e-10
 [45,] 4.179628e-09
 [46,] 9.731366e-09
 [47,] 3.007018e-10
 [48,] 3.105575e-08
 [49,] 2.755324e-09
 [50,] 7.066915e-10
 [51,] 3.373310e-06
 [52,] 1.092458e-09
 [53,] 7.871816e-12
 [54,] 2.813158e-09
 [55,] 9.744932e-07
 [56,] 1.324819e-10
 [57,] 8.717063e-05
 [58,] 2.150354e-01
 [59,] 4.541742e-07
 [60,] 8.632027e-01
 [61,] 1.347212e-07
 [62,] 6.698283e-08
 [63,] 2.836698e-08
 [64,] 1.702392e-09
 [65,] 3.764844e-09
 [66,] 2.744913e-09
 [67,] 8.774729e-11
 [68,] 6.754128e-03
 [69,] 1.087216e-11
 [70,] 2.967751e-25
 [71,] 2.297541e-07
 [72,] 7.657795e-09
 [73,] 1.392810e-10
 [74,] 1.061372e-08
 [75,] 1.398452e-08
 [76,] 1.034277e-07
 [77,] 9.792212e-07
 [78,] 7.509786e-10
 [79,] 3.297076e-10
 [80,] 2.000312e-09
 [81,] 2.780650e-13
 [82,] 1.931639e-07
 [83,] 1.168209e-10
 [84,] 4.214272e-10
 [85,] 3.383236e-09
 [86,] 2.940627e-10
 [87,] 4.558248e-10
 [88,] 4.393859e-06
 [89,] 4.879367e-24
 [90,] 3.210070e-11
 [91,] 6.084898e-13
 [92,] 1.171752e-05
 [93,] 3.742119e-06
 [94,] 1.241940e-04
 [95,] 9.980794e-01
 [96,] 1.373451e-17
 [97,] 8.134099e-05
 [98,] 2.007596e-01
 [99,] 1.088608e-08
[100,] 1.000000e+00
[101,] 1.000000e+00
[102,] 1.000000e+00
[103,] 1.000000e+00
[104,] 1.000000e+00
[105,] 1.000000e+00
[106,] 1.000000e+00
[107,] 8.248748e-01
[108,] 1.000000e+00
[109,] 1.000000e+00
[110,] 1.000000e+00
[111,] 1.000000e+00
[112,] 1.000000e+00
[113,] 1.000000e+00
[114,] 1.000000e+00
> confusion(glass.mda,glass.test)
      true
object  1  2 3 5 6  7
     1 22 11 5 0 0  0
     2 10 28 4 0 0  1
     3  4  0 1 0 0  1
     5  0  2 0 3 1  0
     6  0  0 0 0 2  2
     7  0  1 0 0 1 15
attr(,"error")
[1] 0.377193
> 
> 
> 
> cleanEx(); ..nameEx <- "predict.bruto"
> 
> ### * predict.bruto
> 
> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())
> 
> ### Name: predict.bruto
> ### Title: Predict method for BRUTO Objects
> ### Aliases: predict.bruto
> ### Keywords: smooth
> 
> ### ** Examples
> 
> data(trees)
> fit1 <- bruto(trees[,-3], trees[3])
> fitted.terms <- predict(fit1, as.matrix(trees[,-3]), type = "terms")
> par(mfrow=c(1,2), pty="s")
> for(tt in fitted.terms) plot(tt, type="l")
> 
> 
> 
> graphics::par(get("par.postscript", env = .CheckExEnv))
> cleanEx(); ..nameEx <- "predict.fda"
> 
> ### * predict.fda
> 
> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())
> 
> ### Name: predict.fda
> ### Title: Classify by Flexible Discriminant Analysis
> ### Aliases: predict.fda
> ### Keywords: classif
> 
> ### ** Examples
> 
> data(iris)
> irisfit <- fda(Species ~ ., data = iris)
> irisfit
Call:
fda(formula = Species ~ ., data = iris)

Dimension: 2 

Percent Between-Group Variance Explained:
    v1     v2 
 99.12 100.00 

Degrees of Freedom (per dimension): 5 

Training Misclassification Error: 0.02 ( N = 150 )
> ## Call:
> ## fda(x = iris$x, g = iris$g)
> ## 
> ## Dimension: 2 
> ##
> ## Percent Between-Group Variance Explained:
> ##     v1  v2 
> ##  99.12 100
> confusion(predict(irisfit, iris), iris$Species)
            true
object       setosa versicolor virginica
  setosa         50          0         0
  versicolor      0         48         1
  virginica       0          2        49
attr(,"error")
[1] 0.02
> ##            Setosa Versicolor Virginica
> ##     Setosa     50          0         0
> ## Versicolor      0         48         1
> ##  Virginica      0          2        49
> ## attr(, "error"):
> ## [1] 0.02
> 
> 
> 
> cleanEx(); ..nameEx <- "predict.mda"
> 
> ### * predict.mda
> 
> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())
> 
> ### Name: predict.mda
> ### Title: Classify by Mixture Discriminant Analysis
> ### Aliases: predict.mda
> ### Keywords: classif
> 
> ### ** Examples
> 
> data(glass)
> samp <- sample(1:nrow(glass), 100)
> glass.train <- glass[samp,]
> glass.test <- glass[-samp,]
> glass.mda <- mda(Type ~ ., data = glass.train)
> predict(glass.mda, glass.test, type = "post") # abbreviations are allowed
                   1            2             3            5             6
  [1,]  9.779075e-01 3.242592e-03  1.884988e-02 1.091940e-51  5.303309e-29
  [2,]  6.353497e-01 3.474771e-01  1.717319e-02 2.265199e-28  3.039304e-15
  [3,]  7.752633e-01 2.150716e-01  9.665082e-03 7.616789e-31  3.743443e-19
  [4,]  6.155778e-01 3.819633e-01  2.458951e-03 1.642757e-33  4.699664e-19
  [5,]  7.160300e-01 2.764486e-01  7.521455e-03 7.042404e-32  2.886702e-20
  [6,]  2.788412e-01 6.459626e-01  7.519615e-02 2.141027e-26  1.951391e-16
  [7,]  6.431683e-01 3.501198e-01  6.711844e-03 1.585369e-34  1.843886e-19
  [8,]  7.029981e-01 2.939769e-01  3.025029e-03 2.404012e-31  2.751916e-18
  [9,]  5.222824e-01 4.772342e-01  4.834481e-04 4.771114e-37  2.011970e-21
 [10,]  8.008907e-01 1.912371e-01  7.872154e-03 8.606820e-32  2.331346e-19
 [11,]  7.935161e-01 1.947087e-01  1.177528e-02 1.227661e-34  3.035368e-22
 [12,]  4.480625e-01 4.193738e-01  1.325638e-01 9.122325e-37  1.079981e-15
 [13,]  3.445062e-01 6.453296e-01  1.016423e-02 5.347739e-32  6.715061e-19
 [14,]  5.867787e-01 6.199326e-05  4.131593e-01 2.110208e-51  8.615923e-32
 [15,]  6.062505e-01 3.272729e-01  6.647660e-02 3.555620e-30  2.232979e-20
 [16,]  7.879179e-01 1.647296e-01  4.735254e-02 5.917606e-30  1.601034e-18
 [17,]  7.925177e-01 1.880715e-01  1.941079e-02 2.315261e-30  4.276600e-20
 [18,]  2.150604e-01 7.648016e-01  2.013803e-02 3.725788e-28  6.295475e-19
 [19,]  1.906851e-01 8.043031e-01  5.011839e-03 5.599022e-29  1.513269e-18
 [20,]  8.596566e-01 1.294337e-01  1.090967e-02 6.254379e-32  4.024786e-20
 [21,]  3.822495e-01 6.173639e-01  3.865690e-04 4.692216e-37  2.834629e-23
 [22,]  6.936148e-01 2.814467e-01  2.493853e-02 9.336300e-30  1.123905e-18
 [23,]  1.950354e-01 3.598981e-01  4.450665e-01 1.730055e-27  1.354060e-16
 [24,]  7.951447e-01 1.850345e-01  1.982080e-02 6.685394e-28  1.309243e-18
 [25,]  6.645292e-01 3.074203e-01  2.805045e-02 3.777515e-29  4.994501e-20
 [26,]  9.375224e-01 8.830021e-04  6.159457e-02 5.186896e-48  6.250363e-30
 [27,]  5.827840e-01 1.825716e-01  2.346444e-01 2.966462e-25  4.168241e-17
 [28,]  2.372914e-01 7.610567e-01  1.651918e-03 8.256754e-34  3.939603e-21
 [29,]  2.769602e-01 6.866467e-01  3.639305e-02 1.037380e-29  5.769723e-19
 [30,]  7.693984e-01 1.876745e-01  4.292710e-02 1.312114e-21  1.040983e-11
 [31,]  8.491963e-01 1.503722e-01  4.315094e-04 1.851910e-27  5.302433e-15
 [32,]  1.623246e-01 8.196642e-01  1.801115e-02 1.953672e-27  3.100132e-21
 [33,]  2.751474e-01 7.220864e-01  2.766206e-03 1.040937e-35  6.910028e-22
 [34,]  4.905540e-01 4.918190e-01  1.762701e-02 2.771347e-36  1.028779e-16
 [35,]  5.590405e-01 3.437065e-01  9.725300e-02 1.677346e-33  3.077802e-14
 [36,]  8.549806e-01 1.941434e-02  1.256050e-01 1.171411e-45  1.686746e-26
 [37,]  4.247355e-01 5.331352e-01  4.212933e-02 3.360076e-35  4.130742e-17
 [38,]  4.754508e-01 8.434458e-03  5.161148e-01 1.581037e-50  7.345617e-29
 [39,]  6.410524e-01 8.838257e-02  2.705651e-01 1.100898e-45  5.549100e-27
 [40,]  3.965454e-01 5.782898e-01  2.516485e-02 2.093293e-25  1.681490e-14
 [41,]  6.630425e-01 3.035036e-01  3.345389e-02 1.234511e-26  3.330340e-16
 [42,]  1.164853e-01 8.266812e-01  5.683348e-02 1.021527e-23  1.544885e-17
 [43,]  2.520643e-03 9.962807e-01  1.198628e-03 4.843248e-20  6.309507e-11
 [44,]  8.268247e-01 1.107896e-01  6.238563e-02 3.955894e-27  3.225445e-19
 [45,]  4.780680e-01 4.766383e-01  4.529363e-02 2.594782e-26  2.261090e-16
 [46,]  2.300108e-01 2.249613e-01  3.876296e-01 4.383089e-04  4.396750e-06
 [47,]  1.753822e-01 7.920173e-01  3.260047e-02 4.892457e-28  1.824385e-14
 [48,]  1.364471e-01 8.556956e-01  7.857217e-03 1.570199e-29  7.109618e-13
 [49,]  5.580230e-01 3.626619e-01  7.931509e-02 5.795813e-26  8.529929e-16
 [50,]  8.517568e-01 1.419852e-01  6.257997e-03 4.329693e-37  3.336016e-10
 [51,]  4.270538e-02 9.345840e-01  2.271057e-02 4.878851e-24  4.488238e-18
 [52,]  2.171224e-01 7.766203e-01  6.257358e-03 3.068913e-37  2.668963e-26
 [53,]  9.000572e-01 9.478541e-02  5.157398e-03 1.027809e-25  4.080406e-13
 [54,]  6.306825e-04 9.972213e-01  2.148066e-03 4.209149e-14  5.675756e-15
 [55,]  8.300680e-01 1.697747e-01  1.573172e-04 2.161171e-35  3.383956e-19
 [56,]  1.065974e-01 2.188568e-01  6.745458e-01 2.142745e-24  1.821426e-11
 [57,]  1.026759e-24 1.000000e+00  1.042691e-22 1.434674e-15  1.953024e-21
 [58,]  1.376026e-21 9.999964e-01  3.652740e-22 3.431457e-06  1.690941e-07
 [59,]  1.665215e-21 1.000000e+00  9.643215e-23 1.059942e-18  4.103602e-16
 [60,]  6.474137e-02 9.322725e-01  2.986163e-03 1.325612e-38  3.857639e-24
 [61,]  5.604732e-01 4.147048e-01  2.482197e-02 1.853990e-32  1.322660e-20
 [62,]  1.807011e-01 8.093948e-01  9.904137e-03 2.917869e-34  7.795923e-22
 [63,]  1.140912e-01 8.458253e-01  4.008351e-02 1.651420e-21  2.232813e-13
 [64,]  1.724807e-01 8.156953e-01  1.182396e-02 2.223780e-26  1.858353e-16
 [65,]  1.297877e-01 8.596520e-01  1.056035e-02 1.670772e-21  5.393304e-13
 [66,]  4.679851e-01 2.635539e-01  2.269618e-01 7.984387e-08  4.075019e-02
 [67,]  1.429135e-11 9.934922e-01  4.297393e-12 6.365167e-03  1.426139e-04
 [68,]  5.552222e-24 9.999736e-01  9.657733e-22 2.639513e-05  3.265474e-08
 [69,]  8.759584e-02 8.892153e-01  2.318888e-02 7.183614e-43  6.840859e-27
 [70,]  1.039412e-01 8.924684e-01  3.590471e-03 2.964321e-27  1.815938e-17
 [71,]  2.088811e-01 7.868854e-01  4.233529e-03 6.392314e-26  2.437970e-15
 [72,]  6.409903e-02 9.310595e-01  4.841511e-03 5.368684e-22  2.208026e-13
 [73,]  6.943443e-01 3.034752e-01  2.180500e-03 1.395501e-32  2.395437e-19
 [74,]  5.287941e-02 9.438500e-01  3.270599e-03 2.883140e-42  1.729086e-28
 [75,]  6.750609e-01 2.827290e-01  4.221012e-02 1.179169e-37  7.071389e-16
 [76,]  4.334397e-01 4.292227e-01  1.373376e-01 4.929710e-27  4.232530e-17
 [77,]  1.666241e-06 9.987147e-01  1.283659e-03 3.568388e-29  2.461643e-30
 [78,]  4.890586e-01 2.640282e-01  2.469132e-01 2.744420e-26  3.281015e-13
 [79,]  6.704909e-01 4.051713e-02  2.889920e-01 6.045287e-46  9.504458e-23
 [80,]  5.304855e-01 3.035066e-01  1.660079e-01 1.334843e-28  9.845356e-20
 [81,]  6.121450e-01 3.219556e-01  6.589939e-02 3.176632e-28  8.719793e-17
 [82,]  6.214480e-01 8.539350e-02  2.931585e-01 4.568038e-27  2.790604e-15
 [83,]  1.845340e-01 1.703224e-01  6.451436e-01 9.860418e-23  4.285253e-13
 [84,]  2.683783e-01 9.356460e-02  6.380571e-01 1.232616e-22  3.226057e-13
 [85,]  8.555020e-04 2.664486e-01  1.929998e-04 1.261338e-01  6.063692e-01
 [86,]  4.282551e-03 9.952125e-01  5.045227e-04 3.983209e-09  3.757802e-07
 [87,]  9.608246e-03 9.895959e-01  7.890127e-04 3.884272e-09  6.866038e-06
 [88,]  5.297085e-24 9.990771e-01  5.237133e-25 7.681691e-04  1.537240e-04
 [89,]  3.073437e-32 7.096062e-04  1.040826e-32 9.992904e-01  1.207384e-16
 [90,]  6.064798e-27 1.974883e-01  1.302125e-27 8.025107e-01  9.678712e-07
 [91,] 4.774360e-112 1.518566e-53 4.969023e-112 1.000000e+00 7.887416e-136
 [92,] 3.987711e-110 1.556075e-53 4.686555e-111 1.000000e+00 4.175946e-133
 [93,]  3.908048e-26 9.998106e-01  6.585936e-25 1.894266e-04  5.063619e-09
 [94,]  4.410662e-06 9.997903e-01  3.733018e-07 2.448844e-05  1.804685e-04
 [95,]  1.228088e-18 9.999580e-01  1.171121e-19 1.837695e-10  4.203813e-05
 [96,]  1.959985e-04 1.432299e-02  4.410501e-04 4.804128e-17  9.850400e-01
 [97,]  3.166256e-01 5.769406e-01  9.913547e-02 5.156899e-20  7.298336e-03
 [98,]  3.011084e-08 4.963604e-06  5.128972e-08 2.040370e-17  9.999950e-01
 [99,]  1.959730e-13 1.470198e-09  6.963252e-15 9.280404e-19  9.998781e-01
[100,]  8.363537e-38 2.917121e-13  2.398084e-37 2.246127e-10  4.688480e-06
[101,]  1.607742e-18 9.999976e-01  5.268664e-19 3.616514e-09  2.425131e-06
[102,]  7.932825e-38 5.715320e-26  4.673005e-39 3.077542e-26  7.011502e-19
[103,]  9.096553e-11 3.823124e-11  1.832824e-08 9.999983e-01  2.303837e-07
[104,]  8.733289e-14 6.686400e-11  3.041825e-14 6.739354e-19  1.000000e+00
[105,]  2.690559e-60 5.544491e-36  5.192720e-60 9.011074e-29  1.181790e-18
[106,]  2.859790e-48 5.559433e-27  7.412670e-50 1.314220e-26  9.132129e-18
[107,]  6.479816e-59 3.351955e-33  9.854226e-59 7.876187e-26  2.612128e-18
[108,]  7.298235e-53 3.272378e-30  4.791364e-54 1.694163e-23  9.299349e-16
[109,]  4.262040e-45 9.086840e-17  7.452318e-49 3.963781e-08  1.661014e-56
[110,]  4.049304e-57 1.206816e-34  2.095912e-58 2.697895e-27  8.514974e-18
[111,]  4.454225e-41 7.110247e-15  5.472579e-44 1.155688e-06  1.723629e-31
[112,]  1.456595e-59 6.840055e-34  1.905352e-58 7.607479e-26  1.391740e-17
[113,]  3.928614e-50 4.998532e-29  7.658581e-52 9.586074e-27  2.056520e-18
[114,]  4.297818e-51 1.365270e-29  4.565411e-53 4.335978e-29  9.191058e-20
                  7
  [1,] 6.161128e-27
  [2,] 2.028012e-10
  [3,] 3.334871e-12
  [4,] 1.159745e-18
  [5,] 4.586444e-11
  [6,] 3.503778e-08
  [7,] 2.610774e-15
  [8,] 6.105645e-17
  [9,] 3.371950e-16
 [10,] 2.411065e-15
 [11,] 7.882821e-15
 [12,] 1.972559e-20
 [13,] 5.505233e-18
 [14,] 1.423388e-18
 [15,] 1.601836e-16
 [16,] 3.551863e-13
 [17,] 6.583578e-12
 [18,] 8.018274e-16
 [19,] 4.462883e-17
 [20,] 9.581643e-14
 [21,] 4.114617e-15
 [22,] 5.397520e-16
 [23,] 4.526640e-11
 [24,] 1.321713e-13
 [25,] 3.124958e-14
 [26,] 1.395352e-20
 [27,] 1.064461e-12
 [28,] 1.071516e-12
 [29,] 4.091035e-12
 [30,] 8.998525e-11
 [31,] 2.488255e-13
 [32,] 5.732355e-14
 [33,] 3.057154e-13
 [34,] 4.770652e-18
 [35,] 1.028457e-16
 [36,] 1.526712e-20
 [37,] 1.295417e-18
 [38,] 1.118023e-23
 [39,] 5.436258e-21
 [40,] 1.358342e-13
 [41,] 1.542504e-13
 [42,] 2.485264e-14
 [43,] 5.873805e-20
 [44,] 1.152332e-10
 [45,] 2.978767e-14
 [46,] 1.569556e-01
 [47,] 7.144200e-18
 [48,] 1.047388e-18
 [49,] 3.970811e-12
 [50,] 3.772977e-27
 [51,] 3.033431e-15
 [52,] 3.148329e-15
 [53,] 1.935829e-14
 [54,] 4.280703e-18
 [55,] 3.545771e-15
 [56,] 1.398073e-14
 [57,] 2.136146e-27
 [58,] 1.016223e-14
 [59,] 5.226377e-32
 [60,] 2.779445e-13
 [61,] 1.459130e-14
 [62,] 3.497939e-16
 [63,] 1.087462e-13
 [64,] 5.528348e-15
 [65,] 3.886658e-13
 [66,] 7.489047e-04
 [67,] 5.601745e-13
 [68,] 1.593866e-22
 [69,] 1.641368e-19
 [70,] 3.080449e-16
 [71,] 7.139489e-15
 [72,] 2.089707e-15
 [73,] 1.268861e-15
 [74,] 2.977076e-18
 [75,] 4.418073e-20
 [76,] 2.295933e-15
 [77,] 8.959420e-29
 [78,] 6.298321e-17
 [79,] 6.176675e-21
 [80,] 8.035922e-17
 [81,] 1.047143e-15
 [82,] 2.521562e-14
 [83,] 2.287525e-14
 [84,] 4.583366e-14
 [85,] 1.818963e-12
 [86,] 1.960012e-18
 [87,] 8.403457e-17
 [88,] 1.017932e-06
 [89,] 1.203278e-16
 [90,] 2.398002e-09
 [91,] 3.458300e-12
 [92,] 3.176653e-09
 [93,] 2.296495e-19
 [94,] 5.116145e-09
 [95,] 2.966925e-12
 [96,] 3.996342e-19
 [97,] 8.498586e-15
 [98,] 6.967084e-20
 [99,] 1.219468e-04
[100,] 9.999953e-01
[101,] 1.392851e-10
[102,] 1.000000e+00
[103,] 1.415608e-06
[104,] 4.861029e-09
[105,] 1.000000e+00
[106,] 1.000000e+00
[107,] 1.000000e+00
[108,] 1.000000e+00
[109,] 1.000000e+00
[110,] 1.000000e+00
[111,] 9.999988e-01
[112,] 1.000000e+00
[113,] 1.000000e+00
[114,] 1.000000e+00
> confusion(glass.mda, glass.test)
      true
object  1  2 3 5 6  7
     1 26 10 7 0 0  0
     2 11 23 1 6 2  0
     3  2  2 2 0 0  0
     5  0  0 0 4 0  1
     6  0  0 0 1 3  1
     7  0  0 0 0 2 10
attr(,"error")
[1] 0.4035088
> 
> 
> 
> cleanEx(); ..nameEx <- "softmax"
> 
> ### * softmax
> 
> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())
> 
> ### Name: softmax
> ### Title: Find the Maximum in Each Row of a Matrix
> ### Aliases: softmax
> ### Keywords: utilities
> 
> ### ** Examples
> 
> data(iris)
> irisfit <- fda(Species ~ ., data = iris)
> posteriors <- predict(irisfit, type = "post")
> confusion(softmax(posteriors), iris[, "Species"])
            true
object       setosa versicolor virginica
  setosa         50          0         0
  versicolor      0         48         1
  virginica       0          2        49
attr(,"error")
[1] 0.02
> 
> 
> 
> ### * <FOOTER>
> ###
> cat("Time elapsed: ", proc.time() - get("ptime", env = .CheckExEnv),"\n")
Time elapsed:  1.47 0.05 1.53 0 0 
> grDevices::dev.off()
null device 
          1 
> ###
> ### Local variables: ***
> ### mode: outline-minor ***
> ### outline-regexp: "\\(> \\)?### [*]+" ***
> ### End: ***
> quit('no')
